Tuesday 21 April 2015

A gringa's guide to Peruvian slang...

I didn't have a photo for this post, so Happy Llama will have to do!

One thing I learnt whilst living and travelling in Peru is that the Spanish language is much richer than I originally thought. Some Peruvians preferred to use the word 'castellano' instead of 'español' when talking about their language, which I'd previously learnt about in a linguistics class. It's a deliberate distancing from the Spanish spoken in Spain; 'castellano' is not specifically Spain's language, it's also theirs. Their own version, with different words and phrases, different pronunciation, and sometimes different grammar. I won't go into linguistic details here, but it's quite interesting how supposedly one language can differ so much from country to country, and even region to region- I am an Arabic language student, I should know!

Then you have to consider that even within the same 'dialect', there are still significant differences. For instance, I might say 'what's up?' to a friend but I'd never say it to a potential boss in a job interview. We adapt our language to the situation, to the people with which we are talking, their age, their relationship to us etcetera... This is certainly the case with the Spanish spoken in Peru. I was taught a formal form of Spanish from Spain, so had to adapt the way I spoke when I arrived in Peru. I'd already stopped the 'lisping' pronunciation (formally described as destinción) used in Spain when I started university, mainly because it requires more effort, and in Peru they don't use it. But there were still many other aspects of the language that I had to adapt to. For example, in Peru the word for car is 'carro', whereas I'd been taught 'coche', which is used to mean 'shopping trolley' in Peru. Aside from all these differences there are sociolinguistic differences too, how the people adapt their language to varying social situations.

Peruvians, or at least the ones I met, seem to love their slang, and use it only a daily basis. So, here are some of the ones that I found were the most common and that I liked the most:

Al toque - al momentoright away

A su madre/asuuu! - expression of surprise

Bacán, chévere, paja - bonito/bueno - cool

Bamba - imitación - a fake (e.g. DVD, branded clothing etc.)

Brichero/a - a Peruvian who tries to get with foreigners in order to get a green card, 'gringo hunters'

Causa/pata - amigo/a - friend

Chamba (chambear) - trabajo (trabajar) - work (to work)

Chancha - colecta entre amigos - a whip-around (money) 

Chela - cerveza - beer

Chibolo/a - infante - kid

Churro - hombre guapo - good-looking guy

En bola/en bolivia - embarazada - pregnant 

Flaco/flaca - novio/novia - boyfriend/girlfriend

Huevón - tonto - stupid, slow (in terms of intelligence), idiot

Huevadas - tonterías - nonsense, stupid remarks

Luca - un Sol - one sol (Peruvian currency)

Mamacita - guapa - good-looking (women only)

Mancha - grupo de personas o de amigos - group of people or friends

Ñoba - baño - bathroom (syllables switched around)

Palta (qué palta)/roche (qué roche) - vergüenza (qué vergüenza) - embarrassment, how embarrassing! 

Pituco/a - persona adinerada - rich person, posh (negative)

Tono (tonazo) - fiesta - party (great party)

Violinistathird wheel (in a relationship)

Yapa - algo extra que nos dan cuando compramos - a small gift (given by a vendor after you buy something from them)


I also learnt some slang from the jungle region of Peru, where the Spanish is quite different from that of Lima. Their pronunciation is very different, meaning that at first I had difficulty understanding some people! For instance, the 'j' sound is transformed into a 'f' in some cases such as 'jueves' ('Thursday'), becoming 'fueves' in pronunciation. Some words used in their 'dialect' of Spanish are taken from the Native American language 'Quechua'. Here are some of the slang words and expressions I picked up:

Charapa - persona de la selva - someone from the jungle

Doña - señora - Miss/Mrs./lady (used directly to the woman)


Huambra - mujer adolescente - teenage girl


Huambrillo/a - niño/a pequeño - small child


Huahua - niño pequeño - small child


¡Ish! ¡agh! - yuck!


Pelejo - oso perezoso - sloth


Ya vuelta - no te creo - I don't believe you, no way!




Friday 17 April 2015

Year Abroad in Peru- Part IV, Cusco


So, now for the final part of my Peruvian journey: Machu Picchu. One of my main reasons for choosing Peru. Now, you already know that I don't deal well with altitude, so I was apprehensive when I boarded the flight to Cusco, the city that everyone stops at before they visit the ruins. I had heard that flying there was worse than getting the bus as it doesn't give your body any time to acclimatise to the altitude, but the plane tickets were already booked. A short while after landing I started to feel the effects of the altitude, so sat with a cup of coca leaf tea in the hotel lobby. The tea tastes disgusting, but it's meant to help. I ended up feeling a bit better and went out to explore the city. Cusco is a pretty city, and jam-packed with tourists, all headed for the same destination. That evening there was an outdoor concert on in the plaza de armas in aid of the local police force. There was traditional music and dancing, the participants all wearing beautifully coloured clothing.

The next day, I decided to go on a free walking tour of the city. It lasted a couple of hours and we had a Peruvian food tasting session after it ended. We went to the the huge San Pedro market where you can find just about everything: fresh fruit and vegetables, herbs with 'healing powers', chocolate, souvenirs, fabrics, traditional clothing etc. etc. We were warned not to eat from the prepared food stalls though, as, according to the guide, you need a stomach of steal to deal with that! The tour took us to various other places around the city, focusing on Inca remains, and the culture and history of the city. On the tour, I spotted a chocolate museum where they do chocolate making courses. I needed to go. I mean, technically speaking I'd already done the same course in Arequipa, but you can never learn enough about, or taste enough, chocolate in my opinion. Anyone who knows me well enough, knows that I am a chocoholic; I adore chocolate and seem to get quite grumpy if I don't have my daily fix. So I booked my chocolate course for later on that afternoon.
Yes, that is me surveying how much chocolate I managed to get all over my hands...
The course starts with an introduction to the history of chocolate, which was done in both Spanish and English. Then came the best bit: chocolate tasting. We each tried different types of chocolate, dark, milk, and white. Despite all the talk about dark chocolate being the best, the chocolate of the highest quality, the chocolate that only someone with a refined palate can appreciate, I'm still a sucker for milk chocolate. The instructor taught us how to make hot chocolate using the Ancient Mayan recipe, with chilli and cinnamon to add to the flavour. It was quite grainy and I didn't really like it all that much, but chocolate has come a long way since then! Next, he brewed us a tea made with cacao nibs, which was rather tasty. I'm not a tea person, but make it chocolate flavoured and that's enough to convert me. Finally, he taught us how to make modern-day chocolate. We got to use different flavourings, from nuts, to oreos, to coca leaf powder. Considering coca leaves are banned in the UK, and I was intending to take the chocolate home with me, I stayed away from them. We then put our chocolate bars in the fridge to set and picked them up later. The course was entertaining, affordable, and the instructor kept us all laughing the whole time.

My friends arrived in Cusco a couple of days after me, and we didn't even know that we'd booked into the same hotel until I walked down the stairs one morning to hear their familiar voices chatting away in the lobby. One of my friends wanted to go horse riding, and so did I, so we went to a travel agents and booked it for the following day. That night I started to feel ill again and couldn't sleep well at all. When I woke up I felt so bad that I rang up my friend to cancel the horse riding and took myself to the doctors. The same thing happened as had happened during my trip to Colca Canyon. Altitude had gotten the better of me. I was prescribed more medicine and told that it should get better in time for my four day hike to Machu Picchu. But in the back of my mind I was thinking about the fact that the hike climbs up to a higher altitude than Cusco city, and that couldn't be good. I spent the rest of the day in bed, feeling sorry for myself, and worrying about the upcoming hike.

The next day I felt a bit better, but still apprehensive. The girls at the G Adventures desk, the agency I was doing the trip through, told me not to make any decisions about cancelling the hike until the day before it was to take place, just in case I regretted it. But I was starting to feel like a four day hike, at altitude, with no way of quickly coming back down to the city should I need it, was not what I wanted. After lots of thought, I decided that I'd go with the tour group, but not partake in the hike and just meet them at the Machu Picchu entrance when they arrived. It felt disappointed that I wasn't going to be doing the hike that I'd been looking forward to for so long, but was also very relieved. On the bright side, at least I could look half-decent in my photos with freshly washed hair and clean clothes, which would not have been the case if I'd gone on the hike!

Eventually, I felt well enough to do the horse riding, which turned out to not be as good as imagined. The horses looked as though they weren't cared for enough and the tour was quite boring, with a Quechua-speaking guide who couldn't speak English or Spanish very well. At first I thought my level of Spanish had significantly decreased until the Peruvians started exchanging confused looks at us too, obviously not understanding what the guide was saying. We saw other groups out at the same, on much healthier looking horses, smiling and seeming to be having a good time. So I guess we just picked the wrong tour. After the tour finished we walked to the 'White Christ', a big statue that overlooks the whole city, which looks beautiful from above. 




My Machu Picchu tour eventually began, and we spent the first day making our way to Ollantaytambo, the village where the hike starts and also where the train sets off for those who want to arrive to Machu Picchu in style (and comfort). On the way to the village we stopped off en route at an animal rescue shelter, various archaeological sites, and had a huge lunch that was probably more for the hikers' benefit than my own. We arrived in Ollantaytambo, my home for the next few days whilst the others hiked, and it soon became clear that I would have nothing to do there. It's tiny, very pretty, but tiny. There are a few markets, some ruins which we visited with the group, and some restaurants. It was going to be a long three days alone...




I said goodbye to those hiking the following morning, and had no idea what to do until my train to Machu Picchu. So I decided to have a wonder around the markets. However, once you've been to one traditional market in Peru, you have kind of see them all; all the same handicrafts, just a different city name stitched onto them. I'm not saying they're not interesting, they are, but I'd already been around so many markets, and bought so many souvenirs, that all I was trying to do was pass a little time. I walked into one shop that sold hand-crafted jewellery. The shop owner struck up conversation and was impressed I could speak Spanish, as most of the tourists don't. We chatted for a while about Peru, about my time there, and also about la pachamama, Mother Earth. The guy had dreadlocks, and was sat on the floor threading bracelets with beads on them. He told me that, if I wanted he could put a braid in my hair, and I agreed, as what else did I have to do in the village? He told me that he was putting special beads in my hair that represented the four elements. He thought the braid was very spiritual. I thought it was very Gap Yah. But hey, new experiences, new people. After he had finished, he said that maybe we could go up the mountain to pay respects to pachamama with a coca leaf offering. I said maybe we could, but wasn't all too keen on the idea, and decided to avoid the area where the shop was for the rest of the day.

At lunchtime, I went to a restaurant, and not the kind that they recommend tourists to go to. I'd eaten in so many dodgy places in Peru that I just decided to risk it. Unfortunately, the risk backfired when I cut myself on a broken glass table and ended up back at the hospital to treat it. I did think that maybe pachamama didn't actually want me to make it to Machu Picchu! 

After my days of isolation, the train journey to Machu Picchu finally arrived. The train, which is pretty fancy, takes you to the village below the ruins, and I was to stay there overnight before getting the bus up to the entrance. Everything in the village is overpriced because all the tourists have to pass through it before visiting the ruins, but I stayed in a relatively cheap hotel where the staff were friendly. I was starting to get excited for the next day again, after all the drama. Finally, what I'd been waiting for was just around the corner. 

I had to wake up in the early hours of the morning to get the bus in order to meet the hiking group that I'd left a few days before. The bus ride up was really bumpy and quite scary, winding up and around the mountain, the driver dodging the buses making their way back down on a road that really should have a one-way system. When the bus arrived at the top, the entrance showed no signs of the Machu Picchu I'd seen in so many photographs. There was a café, a restaurant, and a big arch indicating the start of your Inca adventure. After a short time of waiting outside the café, I finally saw the group, looking run down, yet elated. They told me it was incredible, very difficult, but incredible, with stunning views. It made me wish I'd done it, but I was glad just to get to the entrance not feeling ill. We were told to show our tickets at the entrance and get a special Machu Picchu stamp on our passports on the way out. Once we entered the gates there was a short walk, and then we stopped. You could just about make out shapes in front of you; the fog was thick. You could feel how tense everyone was, had they walked all the way here to see nothing for the fog? 

Our tour guide, who was so knowledgeable and passionate about the Incas (he'd also walked the Inca Trail over 500 times), started to tell us about the history of the ruins, booklet in hand with photos showing Hiram Bingham, the person who revealed the ruins to the rest of the world, at the citadel. During his talk the fog started to clear and we could finally see what we came for. It was a surreal feeling standing among the ruins that I had only seen on Google or from my friends' Facebook photos. They truly are stunning, and the whole place, nestled in the mountains, is breathtaking. 

A misty Machu Picchu
We continued on the tour for two hours, learning about small details about each of the main constructions, taking lots of photos. After that we were told we had some time to walk around freely, so I headed up a hill to take the photo that everyone has to take when they go to Machu Picchu.
It doesn't count if you don't have your arms spread out...
I don't think it's possible to get a photo without masses of tourists in it but oh well, the backdrop sure does make up for it. 

And sometimes a llama will get in your way...


But all that doesn't really matter too much because you're at one of the Seven Wonders of the World, and it's beautiful.

My Peruvian adventure ended soon after that, and when I saw the Coca Cola advert outside of Jorge Chavez International airport for the last time I couldn't believe how much had happened since the first time I saw it. I know it's cheesy to say, but I really did feel like a different person. I'd grown up. 

Wednesday 15 April 2015

Year Abroad in Peru- Part III, Lima

Although sad to leave Arequipa, Lima was by far the best half of my time in Peru, having settled into Peruvian life, gotten a hold of the language, and grown in confidence overall. I was to have two placements in Lima, both lasting around a month, in very different schools. Lima in general is not very pretty, but it does have park full of cute kitties, and a redeeming coastline. I also had to buy lots of winter clothes as, when I arrived, the weather was cold and wet. But it soon became a place I loved, and brought out the small part of me that is a city girl. Its crazy public transport and busy streets soon became exhilarating rather than terrifying, and I loved the fact that there was always something to do, at any point of the day or night. Lima has so much to offer, but do trying going when it's summertime there as the constant clouded sky and drizzle of wintertime can be a real dampener (pun intended).
La plaza de armas
I was now working at a smaller school in Miraflores, and assisted in classes where the children were aged from 8-14 years old. I soon made friends with the teachers and it didn't take long before they took me out for churros y chocolate in an awesome restaurant called Manolo's, deemed to have the best churros in Lima. It was delicious and I was thoroughly stuffed afterwards. The atmosphere at the school was very friendly, with all the kids and teachers, including those not in my classes, saying hi and smiling whenever they saw me. One of my younger students walked up to me during a class, not saying anything, and shyly handed me a loom band bracelet that she'd made for me. So cute! When I eventually left the school, they got me a cake and even threw me a party. The students in one of my classes stood up one after the other and thanked me personally for my help and said some really lovely things- which did bring me to tears!

Halfway through my time in Lima, I made a trip to Tarapoto, a city in the Peruvian jungle. Life there seemed to be completely different to Lima. Firstly, people rarely use cars, opting for motorbikes or tuk tuks, called 'motokares', and some of the roads are more like dirt tracks. Secondly, the weather was wonderful, sunny and hot, with one rainstorm that definitely trumps those that happen in England. It's a truly beautiful part of the country, with its abundance of palm trees and nearby waterfalls. I took various trips to the waterfalls, a blue lagoon, and a village with a castle and a traditional Quechua-speaking community. The other Peruvians on the tour (I was the only gringa on all of the trips) decided I was the princess of the castle and took photos with me. The advantages (?) of having blue eyes and, apparently, 'blonde' hair. I went out at night to an outdoor nightclub called Anaconda, which was packed each night and great fun. Peruvians really know how to party!

Princess Charlotte
Peruvian Jungle
Palm trees and motokars
On returning to Lima, I decided that I needed to make the most of the thriving night-life whilst I still could. I went on lots of nights out with the other volunteers, and my Peruvian host sister, who helped me to pick out more appropriate clothes for nightclubs there. Apparently the dresses that I had picked out were more suitable for prom or dinner parties... Clubbing in Peru is something I really miss now, so I'm glad I went out as much as I could when I was there. Dancing 'til the early hours of the morning is also a great workout for those like me who want to do anything else other than running at 6am!

My third placement was again a very different experience. It was at bilingual primary school located in the same area as the previous school. This time I took on the role of drama teacher, helping the kids rehearse for their Christmas performances, which were all in English. I may be wrong, but I think I had a flair for it! According to the the head of the English department, the performances were brilliant, it's just a shame that I never got to see them as I had already returned back to England by then. I worked alongside another volunteer, Louis, who all the students thought was my boyfriend/husband/brother, just because we are both from the UK... One rehearsal we had to choreograph a dance for Belle and the Beast to dance at the end of their performance. The two students told us that dancing with the other gender was disgusting and would only do it if Louis and I slowed danced first. So we did, and they all burst out in giggles.

I stayed in Peru until just before Christmas, so got to participate in some of the festivities. I had been volunteering (also with VolunTeach Peru) in charity English lessons in a poorer area of Lima, called Pamplona. As part of the project, there was Christmas event in which there would be a chocolatada, a party where people drink hot chocolate, with performances from the children. Unfortunately, I couldn't attend because it would take place once I had already gone, but I did participate in being a madrina for one of the children, which meant buying a gift consisting of an article of clothing and a toy for my ahijada. I wish I had been there to see her opening her present but, hopefully, it made her happy at Christmastime. I actually participated in a Christmas tradition with my host family, in which we drank hot chocolate, which is much thicker than normal hot chocolate, and ate panettone. I also helped decorate the house, setting up the Christmas tree and a little model Christmas village in the living room. A home away from home.

Ay, ay, Cap'in

Year Abroad in Peru- Part II, Arequipa

The bus journey to Arequipa was mega long and was also delayed en route, making it 18 hours in total. I was lucky to have my university friend, Steph, so that I didn't go stir crazy. Steph would be living in the same city as me, although we'd be teaching at different schools, which was a big comfort, and reassurance. We arrived in Arequipa in the early hours of the morning and were greeted by our respective families and left for our new homes.

Beautiful Arequipa, 'the White City'
Arequipa is a highland city, 2328 metres above sea level, with stunning views of the (active) volcanoes surrounding the city. It's a really beautiful part of Peru, much more pleasing to the eye than Lima. It's nicknamed 'the White City' due to the white volcanic stone that was used to construct most of the old buildings, which really adds to its charm and beauty. The view from my bedroom window was the Misti volcano, a great symbol for the region. I later learnt that Arequipa wanted independence from the rest of Peru, and because of that people in Lima mock the arequipeños, and the people of Arequipa would tell me of the horrors that awaited me in the horrible city of Lima. I think it was all light-hearted... maybe. 

The family welcomed me into their home, taught me how to make a Pisco Sour, the national drink of Peru (although Chile claims it as its own also), and took me out on family outings around the city. I could feel my Spanish improving day by day, and my confidence growing. At first I was paranoid of getting mugged and wouldn't go out alone, or take a taxi because of the stories I'd heard about taxi drivers taking advantage of gringos, a name for Americans and Brits that is used a lot by Peruvians. Eventually, I decided that I had to take advantage of my freedom and get out and about by myself. One day, I rang a safe taxi company to come and pick me up and take me to the plaza de armas, and since then I was much more independent, roaming around the streets of Arequipa without a worry.

Possibly the prettiest plaza de armas in Peru

Steph and I ended up exploring lots of touristy destinations in the city, including the cathedral, a beautifully painted nunnery, a museum with a scary and very well preserved mummy and lots more. I also went horse riding along the river.

And here we have it: a woman in a colourful skirt!
Horse riding in the countryside
Santa Catalina Monastery 
As I mentioned before, I volunteered as an English language teaching assistant in three private schools in Peru, one in Arequipa, and two in Lima. The first school was an Anglo-American school and, apparently, one of the best in the city. I worked alongside some great teachers who made me feel so welcome in the school, and comfortable in the classroom. One of the best parts of working there was the freedom they gave me to participate in classes actively. I had the chance to plan lessons, teach the students about culture in the UK, and lead interactive activities. I was even there for Arequipa day, which they celebrated for the entire week at the school (very typically Peruvian: celebrate every festival as thoroughly as possible). This meant that one day a live band played Spanish-style music with traditional instruments. They even decided to serenade the gringa, which ended in me slow dancing with a band member in front of all the students and teachers... Working at that school challenged my teaching skills, and gave me confidence to teach different kinds of students, including the menaces (of which there were quite a few)! Unfortunately my time there came to an end prematurely.
Me and the guy who serenaded me
As it turns out, I don't deal well with altitude. Ever since I arrived in Arequipa I had been ill on and off and it came to its worst point when Steph and I went hiking at Colca Canyon, which is beautiful, more than twice the size of the Grand Canyon in depth, but also high above sea level. I started feeling sick on the journey there as the altitude increased, but put it down to the bumpy car ride. I soon realised that it was sorochealtitude sickness, so I chewed lots of coca sweets, made from coca leaves, as they are meant to help. The scenery on the hike was truly stunning, but the altitude sickness really did ruin it for me. To cut a long story short, I ended up having to get medical treatment for the soroche on my return to Arequipa, and decided that it would be best to move to my Lima placement, at sea level, earlier than intented. In the back of my mind was my planned hike to Machu Picchu, another trek that would take me to quite literally dizzying heights.
Trekking in Colca Canyon

A (half) Year Abroad in Peru- Part I


Llamas, llamas, and more llamas...

The first half of my Year Abroad was spent in Peru, best known for its llamas, Machu Picchu, and women in colourful clothing. My grandad actually told me on the phone before I left that I'd have to buy multi-coloured clothing as 'that's what everyone wears there'. Some people also thought that there'd be no internet (and thank goodness they were wrong!). Honestly, I didn't really know what to expect, but I assumed that skirts of every colour probably weren't the main fashion on the streets of Lima, the capital.

I chose to volunteer as an English language teaching assistant in Peru as I knew that I wanted to go further than Spain for my Year Abroad, and had always had an interest in South America. Shadia, a representative from the organisation VolunTeach Peru, gave a pre-Year Abroad talk at my university, explaining the role that the volunteers would take on, the flexibility of volunteering and the linguistic advantage of living with host families whilst participating in the program. At the time, I was in the process of applying to work as an English language assistant for the British Council in Argentina. But the talk got me thinking: I had always wanted to visit the Inca ruins of Machu Picchu; I would definitely improve my Spanish more in a family setting, and that would solve the problem of wondering around a foreign city looking for accommodation! I withdrew my application for Argentina, keen on volunteering in Peru instead.

The application was relatively simple and was split into various stages, and all in English. Firstly, I applied on-line, then I submitted a reference from my university, followed by a Skype interview. Before I knew it, I had been accepted and was overjoyed by the fact that I'd finally be going to Machu Picchu (and for the great opportunity in general as well, of course!). My next stage after the acceptance was to create a video about myself for both the host families and the schools in which I'd be working to see before my arrival. My video was beyond cheesy, and included my sister talking enthusiastically about how great I'd be as a teacher... I turn red just thinking about it. And even redder when the volunteers and I watched each others' videos with nostalgia at the end of our time in Peru.

I booked my Machu Picchu four-day trekking tour (I'd never trekked before at that point) early. Probably too early, but we'll come to that later... I booked my flights, and went into full-on preparation mode, buying clothes that I could work in, clothes that I could enjoy the sun in also, thinking that it'd be hot and sunny all year round in the whole of Peru. (Side note: research the weather conditions before you go on your Year Abroad...). I was sent the details of my host families and schools a couple of months later, and my excitement, and nervousness, grew. It was finally real; I was going on a Year Abroad. To Peru. Really far away. Could I actually speak good enough Spanish? Would people laugh when I spoke? The self-questioning happened quite often, but I guess that's normal for someone who has never travelled to a foreign country alone before, especially with the intention of living there and working. My friends (male engineers) also thought it'd be hilarious to tell me about forced drug smuggling incidents and the like, which I was genuinely terrified of until I safely got out of the airport in Birmingham at Christmastime.

I finally set off on my long journey to Jorge Chavez International Airport, Lima, at the beginning of August 2014. I mostly held back my tears at the airport saying my goodbyes, but it was a strange feeling, knowing I wouldn't be back in the same continent as my family and friends for a long time. After two long plane journeys I arrived into Lima airport. It was cold. Maybe all those summer clothes wouldn't be appropriate... Outside of the airport stands a huge 3D advertisement for Coca-Cola. It's a 'landmark' that brought me both happiness and sadness: the excitement of travelling to other places within the country, and the end of my Peruvian journey.

Anyway, a few other volunteers arrived at the same time as me so we got picked up together and dropped off at a quirky hostel in Miraflores. We all tried to sleep relatively early in order to wake up for the long day of inaugurations the following day. It was loud, unbelievably cold and I couldn't sleep well at all. I had come from rural Herefordshire, where the only noise at night is the occasionally mooing of a cow. I guess this was the first moment in which I considered the drastic change, country girl in the countryside to country girl living in a city with nearly 10 million people, crazy traffic and more catcalling than I had ever experienced before.

I woke the next day still nervous but excited to explore the city and meet the other volunteers. The tour took us from Miraflores to the historic city centre, where la plaza de armas is located, surrounded by the Government Palace, the Municipal Palace of Lima and the cathedral. It's an impressive place, full of tourists (and some demonstrations on that day...), and pretty colonial buildings. The weather was pretty awful that day too; I'd really not packed accordingly. Later on we went to the organisation's meeting room and listened to a talk about general safety, cultural awareness and how to take on the role of a teaching assistant. My excitement grew; the next day I'd get a bus to the city of Arequipa to meet my first host family.


Tuesday 14 April 2015

When one door closes...

This evening wasn't the evening I was expecting. I planned to go to a salsa class, this time alone as my friends were busy with other things. I haven't taken many taxis before by myself in Oman, and I was still a bit nervous, partly because a women travelling alone can sometimes encounter awkward moments, but also because my sense of direction in Muscat is pretty poor. So, I hailed a taxi (which is very safe to do here, unlike in Lima), and negotiated a price with the taxi driver. All the taxi drivers are Omani, so it's a good opportunity to practice Arabic. I said that I was happy to share the taxi, which is a cheaper way of travelling around the city. It means that other people can hail the taxi, and if they are wanting to go in the same direction they get into the taxi too.

I sat at the back of the taxi, as automatically climbing into the front passenger seat as a woman can give off the wrong signals. The taxi driver, who noticed that I could speak Arabic, started chatting to me. Firstly just pleasantries: how are you? do you like Oman? And when I proved to him that I was actually competent in the language, and not just some tourist who had studied the wikitravel Arabic phrasebook before arriving in the country, he continued the conversation. 'Masha'Allah (an expression of praise), you speak Arabic! Where did you learn it? ... How long? ... What are you doing in Oman? ... Masha'Allah, Masha'Allah!'. Now don't take this to mean my Arabic is perfect, far from it, getting a masha'Allah is quite easy here because people see you and think there's no way you'd bother to learn their language. However, I got some good Arabic practice in, and as a bonus, he said that he didn't want to stop for other potential customers so that he could continue talking me in Arabic, but would keep the price the same!

When I arrived, the building seemed too empty for there to be a salsa class, so I asked the receptionist, who I often talk to in Spanish, if the class was definitely on. He shook his head and told me that it had been cancelled, and the instructor had sent out messages to let people know. I don't think he had my number, so I hadn't been told. I was disappointed that I wouldn't be dancing tonight and we searched on-line to see if there were any other classes nearby, with no luck. 'Qué pena..' (Spanish: 'what a shame') he said, when he found out that I'd come all the way by taxi for there to be no class. Demonstrating the characteristic Omani kindness, he offered to take me home in his car once his shift finished after 45 minutes. We chatted away in Spanish during that time and during the journey back to my apartment, covering many topics. I learnt more about the Omani culture, and different sub-cultures within it, and the time passed quickly. Before I knew it we were turning into the road by the apartment block.

As we turned into the road, he had a look of surprise on his face and rolled down the window, greeting another Omani who seemed to be a friend of his. His said to his friend that he'd drop me off and come back in a few minutes. Then he turned to me with a look of genuine happiness on his face, telling me that he hadn't seen that friend in 8 years!

I think it's an important Year Abroad, and general life lesson to learn: when one door closes, another opens. Although I didn't get to do what I intended to do tonight, I got to practice both languages, learn more about Oman, and indirectly helped someone reconnect with an old friend. The Year Abroad is always full of surprises!

Monday 13 April 2015

The salsa scene in Oman


My love for salsa and Latin dancing started in Peru. I had always been in awe of people who could dance, and even attempted ballet and Irish dancing in my second year of uni, but my dancing skills were pretty limited. I have gone to Zumba classes before, so I am familiar with hip-shaking and trying to look like Shakira, but I don't think I really managed it... During my time in Peru I danced a lot. From my experience, Peruvians don't really get that excited to dance to 'normal' music that you'd hear in clubs in the UK, and the dance floor tends to be pretty vacant until a song comes on that they can properly dance to. I learnt basic salsa, bachata, and other styles whilst I was out there and my interest in this kind of dance didn't leave me when I left Peru, and travelled to a much more conservative country. So, this brings me to my blog post today: salsa in Oman.

Yes, there is a big salsa scene in Oman. And, yes, it surprised me a lot. I arrived in the country, knowing it's reputation for being on the conservative side, a place where I would really have to think about the clothing I put on each day and my public behaviour as to not cause offence or be disrespectful to the culture. So finding out about the popularity of salsa, not just among ex-pats, but also among Omanis, was a (happy) surprise for me. Despite picking up some moves from clubs in Peru, I had never taken any actually classes, and I thought this would be a great time to seize the opportunity. Although, it is kind of ironic that I finally ended up learning salsa properly in Oman, and not in South America...

I heard about the classes through a fellow Arabic student who invited me along to have a go one day. We went in a taxi that took us a good way away from our accommodation, and left us on the side of a busy main road, only a five minute walk away from Oman's Spanish Cultural Center (Omani Spanish Friendship Association). The fact that there is a centre for Spanish culture was another shock. It turns out Spanish guitar is big in Oman too. At the centre, they offer Spanish language classes as well as dance. The employees come from various countries, including Oman, India, and various Spanish-speaking countries. The front desk is manned by non-native speakers of Spanish, yet I was able to converse with them in Spanish, proving that you will find opportunities to speak certain foreign languages in unexpected places, with unexpected people!

The first class proved that casually dancing in Peruvian clubs does not provide you with much technique. I had to relearn everything from scratch in order to move on and get to the point that I was comfortable enough to dance salsa socially again. I went to a few classes at beginners' level and enjoyed the slow, relaxed pace. Then, one day, the Sultan of Oman arrived back to the country after an absence of eight months, and people started celebrating on the streets (and parading on the motorway...). So the evening after his arrival, when I was trying to get to my beginners' salsa class said parade meant that taxis were refusing to head into the consequent traffic. It took my friend and I ages to get to the centre and by the time we reached it, it was almost time for the intermediate-advanced class. Although difficult, that class was great, and I haven't returned to a beginners' class since.

I'm actually writing this blog having just come back from another salsa class, this time in a different location. This time I went with another friend, who works at the Arabic language centre where I study. The classes begin at 7pm (although, I arrived suitably late, as a true Omani would!) and ends at 9.30pm, with a half an hour slot after for free dance. The room was filled with lots of people from many different nationalities, including a lot of Omanis. The class was much, much bigger than the more intimate class at the Spanish cultural centre and I, therefore, danced with many different men, some of whom knew who how to lead a girl better than others... After a couple of hours of being spun around (sometimes with more force than I would have liked) in the same sequence, we finally got to the free dance section, where anyone, from any level, can dance with each other to different styles, including salsa, bachata, and zouk. This was my favourite part of the evening as it was a chance to just dance without a rehearsed routine, letting the guy decide the moves and going along with it.

Social dancing outside of classes is widely available in Muscat. I have been to a Trader Vic's restaurant where social salsa is held on the weekends. There is a live band, and it's nice to sit and watch the really skilful dancers twirling around the dance floor effortlessly. When I eventually got up to try, it definitely wasn't effortless and people probably weren't sitting and marvelling at my patchy footwork, but I am improving with practice! There are also one-off salsa nights at different bars and restaurants, as well as various festivals throughout the year.

So, as it turns out salsa is relatively popular here, and I'm becoming less and less surprised about the multi-layered, stereotype-contradicting aspects of Oman that I wouldn't have even considered before I arrived here.

Here are a couple of articles if you're interested in learning more:

Sunday 12 April 2015

Attending an Omani wedding

Ready for my first Omani wedding!

It was one of my biggest hopes before I arrived in Oman: to be invited to a traditional Omani wedding! Having been to a wedding in Peru, which is much like a wedding would be in England (but still very beautiful and fancy), I was excited at the prospect of going to an Omani one, which was sure to be quite different from a Christian ceremony. I didn't know much about Muslim weddings and what they entail until I began talking to my fellow Arabic-language students who had already been to a few, and to my Omani conversation partners. It turns out that they are indeed quite different.

I don't know about Muslim weddings in general, and I'm sure they differ from region to region and from country to country, but I now know the general set-up of Omani weddings. It starts with the engagement period, in which the groom and the bride agree on the marriage contract, which includes a dowry for the bride (the mahr). Traditionally, the parents of the groom, and usually the mother, will help him to find a future wife, but this is not the case for all couples. Also, despite what we sometimes see in the Media, the bride's consent is a must. The bride is to do with the money as she wishes and it is intended to give her freedom and stability throughout the marriage. After they agree upon a contract, the religious ceremony takes place. This is called the nikah, and is the ceremony in which the bride and groom say their vows. The bride usually wears traditional dress at the ceremony and some brides choose not to be seen by their husband during the ceremony. The period between the nikah and the wedding reception (zafaf) is called the milka, and, unlike the weddings I am familiar with, this period can last weeks.

I was invited to the zafaf, the party after which the newly-weds set off on their honeymoon. The first thing that is very different about the wedding receptions here is the fact that they are gender segregated. The men usually go to a mosque to share a meal, whist the female guests go to a hall, or elsewhere, to dance, eat, and welcome the bride. The bride usually wears a white dress, as is the case in the West, and the women may take off their hijabs (the head covering) as they are among only women. At the end of the party, the groom and his family come to pick up the bride (once the female guests have recovered their hair!).

The wedding I went to was in a large hall, with round tables dotted around for the guests to sit at, and a raised stage at the front with a big, white sofa surrounded by candles on it. In front of the stage was the dance floor- and the women were definitely making good use of it! One aspect I had to get used to was dancing with all the lights on, but it didn't take long for my friends and I to get up from our chairs and join the Omani girls on the dance floor. A short while later, there was an announcement: the bride was coming! Many of the women started making loud noises a bit like a noise that children make when playing 'cowboys and indians'. The bride then entered through the doors and slowly started making her way down the aisle. Her dress was stunning, with a beautifully long train trailing behind, and, of course, lots of sparkle. We then took lots of photos with her, and danced some more.
Unfortunately, we weren't able to stay long enough to see the groom's entrance, but I'm sure there will be more opportunities in the future at other weddings, inshallah.

Overall, it was a great experience that has been one of the high points of my stay in Oman so far. There are so many differences between an Omani wedding, a Peruvian wedding, and an English one (not that I really have any experience with those yet...), and I love seeing how different cultures, and religions, celebrate the 'big day'. I was unsure of the thought of a gender-segregated (and completely sober) wedding before this, but now I appreciate the concept and really enjoyed it. It's a chance for the bride and her guests to have a fun-filled night without the need to show off to men. I can't wait for my next chance to dance sober, in a fully lit room with a bunch of Omani women enthusiastically inviting you to demonstrate your moves (or there lackof) in the middle of the circle!



Najma, looking like an Omani princess, and me




Thursday 9 April 2015

Why Arabic and Spanish...?


My name in Arabic calligraphy

A question I get asked all the time is: "why do you study Arabic?!" (and it's always accompanied with furrowing of brows and a hint of surprise. It seems that people never really question the Spanish-side of my degree, but whenever anyone asks me what I do they always ask the question above. Lots of people study European languages, the majority of which study French and Spanish, but much fewer study the "wacky" languages, such as Arabic, Russian and Chinese (all of which are offered at Durham University).

So, I'm going to start with the easy part first: why Spanish?

  • I started studying it at the age of 12, in secondary school. I had already started learning French the previous year, and was practically forced by my school (thank you, Hanley Castle High School!) to learn a second foreign language. I had the choice between German and Spanish. The thought of learning German did not attract me in the slightest (no offence to the German linguists among you!), so Spanish it was. It was probably one of the best decisions of my life and led me to travel to my now-favourite country in the world- Peru!
  • Initially, I was besotted with the French language, the French culture, and the food. I didn't have nearly the same enthusiasm for Spanish. But when I chose to continue Spanish, as well as French to A Level standard I started to enjoy it more.
  • When it came to choosing a degree path, I decided to keep up with French and Spanish (and pick up Arabic- but that'll be discussed later on!).  
  • My first year of university proved that Spanish was indeed the language for me, and so my French studies were brought to an end. I still try and use French when I can, even though it feels like swimming through custard trying not to let Spanish (and sometimes Arabic) words come out of my mouth!
  • I recently lived in Peru for just over four months as part of my Year Abroad and it was one of the best times of my life so far! My grasp on the Spanish language improved greatly, picking up a lot of slang on the way.
  • Spanish is the second most natively spoken language in the world (after Chinese), with over 400 million native speakers, and is the official language of 20 countries.

Okay, now to answer the harder question: why Arabic?

  • As I previously mentioned, I chose to study French and Spanish to degree level. Alongside these two languages I also decided to learn Arabic from scratch.
  • This may sound like a slightly odd choice, and a difficult one, based on the fact that Arabic isn't written using the same script as English, French and Spanish. But, in fact, learning the Arabic alphabet is not as difficult as you'd imagine- it only took two weeks until I could start writing in the new script (and it still impresses people that I can write it!).
  • When I was studying for my A Levels in Sixth Form, all the A Level language students got to listen to a talk given by GCHQ (Government Communications Headquarters). The representatives discussed graduate jobs and the advantages of learning the less popular languages among students, such as Arabic, Chinese and Farsi (which I have also had the privilege to study at Durham). We had taster language classes in each language and I instantly knew that Arabic was a language I wanted to pursue. 
  • From the period between the talk and arriving at University for Freshers' Week, I panicked a few times about my decision to study Arabic. I tried teaching myself the alphabet and gave up quite quickly, wondering how I could ever learn this crazy language. But I kept with my decision, and here I am today, writing this blog post from Oman, having achieved more than I anticipated in my Arabic studies. 
  • Another reason for learning Arabic is of course its relevance nowadays. The Middle East is no doubt a huge focus for the media attention and with good reason. It is a region struck by war, conflict and violence; a region that people are both fascinated with and scared of. Arabists are therefore in hot demand. 
  • In addition to the political situation, the role of women in the Middle East is a topic that is present in the media. I wanted the opportunity to see for myself how Arab society is, and a chance to know more about the truths, rather than relying on Western media.
  • So far during my studies of the Arabic language, I have had the opportunity to live in the Middle East, learn first-hand about the culture and have even participated in a live radio interview in Arabic on Omani radio.
  • There are over 290 million native speakers of Arabic, and it is the official language of 27 states.

Here are some articles to prove why learning Arabic is not a waste of time (and also why it's not as difficult as people originally think):

Moral of the story: study a "wacky language"; it's fun, rewarding, and when you write people's names for them in another script they are mega impressed! ;)